Like in Australia, public relations in Japan also cover various activities in the industry. According to Clements (2009), “the firms operate in different areas of public relations including: corporate, product, marketing, government, academic related, investor relations, crisis communications, health, IT, and others. Areas of specialization vary between companies, but may include: consultation, press relations, production, research, events and more”. The main focus of public relations in Japan, however, is media relations (Gibson, 1998).
In Australia, media relations may be important in some context but not all contexts of public relations. However, according to Gibson (1998), “Japanese public relations practice, however, is almost entirely dominated by media relations”. Sakae Ohashi (1984), president of Kyodo Public Relations, supports this point by stating that "[In Japan] public relations is most often used to build good working relationships with the media. The media provide the best opportunity to influence public opinion. Major newspapers are centralized in Tokyo, and they make a huge impact on the public".
The reason for the importance of media relations is that the media play a huge role in the Japanese society and holds an inordinate amount of power and control over the country (Clements, 2009). According to Takata and Maygar (2006), “Japan has more than 120 daily national and regional newspapers, with a total circulation of 70 million copies: the highest per capita figure in the world. The three newspapers with the highest circulation in the world are all Japanese, and Yomiuri Shimbun, the world leader, sells more than 10 million copies every day”. In addition, Japanese television is dominated by five private networks that have a vast reach throughout the country (Clements, 2009).
I hope that wasn't too long for you guys to read! But I was surprised to see how dominated the Japanese public relations industry is by media relations! Perhaps this could explain the use of the term "PR" on advertisements for maybe there are misunderstandings of what PR is.
Good luck everyone!
Cintya
References:
Caruba, A. 1984. Exclusive interview, Ohashi, public relations in Japan. Public Relations Journal 16.
Clements, D.P. Public relations in Japan. http://www.prssa.org/prsic/japan.aspx (accessed October 1, 2010).
Gibson, D.C. 1998. Japanese media relations: A quick overview. Public Relations Quarterly 43(3): 30-34.
Hofstede, G. http://www.geert-hofstede.com/ (accessed September 15, 2009).
Takata, T. and Maygar, R. 2006. Embracing PR in Japan.
http://www.webershandwick.co.uk/outcomes/issue10/article3.html (accessed October 3, 2010).